A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Relationships between Extreme Ambient Temperature and All-Cause Mortality Risk: A Time Series Approach

Background: Exposure to extreme low or high ambient temperatures is associated with cardiovascular, respiratory and endocrine diseases other complications, thereby causing death. This article a synthesis of the relationships between temperature mortality from time series studies.
 Methods: systematic review meta-analysis used PICO search strategy Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. On 14th February 21st May 2020, PubMed, Springer Science direct databases were systematically searched obtain original studies published during period (2010 2019). The incorporated 23 studies, sixteen (16) these articles remaining seven (7) included in narrative synthesis. Twelve 16 conducted countries Asia particularly China, while three (3) Europe (Sweden, Spain Portugal) only one (1) study Africa (South Africa). was sub-grouped into (cold warm) temperatures.
 Results: result indicated pooled relative risk (RR) cold 1.632, RR warm 1.287 whole data 1.430. Meta-analysis statistical significance (p < 0.01) estimate which signified that exposure 1.632 (95% CI 1.262–2.110) have greater than 1.030–1.606).
 Conclusion: RRs attributable deaths differs populations locality. Government, Decision Makers, Social Actors Health Administrators should make adequate planning set up public health interventions prevent control impact vulnerable subpopulation Africa.